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Rocks, soils, how the landscape formed and more

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Rocks, soils, how the landscape formed and more

Rocks and Soils Facts

  • Some 163 million years ago, dinosaurs left their footprints at Ardley in Oxfordshire. Copies made from these footprints can be seen in front of the Natural History Museum in Oxford.
  • Geological outcrops at several locations in Oxfordshire have been preserved so that visitors can examine the different rock types in place.
  • The Wittenham Clumps are chalk hills, like the Chilterns and Downs. Water percolates through these hills to emerge as springs at their base, at the contact with the impermeable underlying Gault Clay.
  • The Oxfordshire topography comprises of ridges and uplands formed of more resistant limestone and chalk, separated by lowland vales (such as the Vale of the White Horse) which are underlain by softer clays, less resistant to river erosion.


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